Ideally each room served by an HVAC unit should be
able to be ventilated, cooled, heated, or dehumidified
independently of any other room. If not, air conditioning
for each room will be compromised |
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Typically, the space is not occupied at all times.
For adequate flexibility, each unit’s ventilation
and cooling should be able to be shut off (except when
humidity control is required), and its heating to be
shut off or turned down. |
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Concentrations of lighting and occupancy are typically
low; activity is generally sedentary or light. Occupancy
is transient in ith greater use of bedrooms at night |
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Kitchens, whether integrated with or separate from
residential quarters, have the potential for high appliance
loads, odor generation, and large exhaust requirements. |
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Rooms generally have an exterior exposure, kitchens,
toilets, and dressing rooms may not. The building as
a whole usually has multiple exposures, as may many
individual dwelling units. |
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Toilet, washing, and bathing facilities are almost
always incorporated in the dwelling units. Exhaust air
is usually incorporated in each toilet area. |
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The building has a relatively high hot water demand,
generally for periods of an hour or two, several times
a day. This demand can vary from a fairly moderate and
consistent daily load profile in a senior citizens building
to sharp, unusually high peaks at about 6:00 P.M. in
dormitories. Chapter 48 includes details on service
water heating. |
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Load characteristics of rooms, dwelling units, and
buildings can be well defined with little need to anticipate
future changes to the design loads, other than the addition
of a service such as cooling that may not have been
incorporated originally. |
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The prevalence of shifting, transient interior loads
and exterior exposures with glass results in high diversity
factors; the longhour
usage results in fairly high load factors |
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More
information about Hotel Design |